The residual impairments and functional disabilities that result have factors in common that can be identified and corrected. Over the past few decades we have developed a protocol based on our perspective of the etiology and management of a variety of types of cumulative trauma disorders (including NTOS) which brings together the knowledge, experience and clinical findings to focus on the interactions of the structure and function of the human body and how it adapts to repetitive trauma whether that trauma is caused by accidents, life activities, or disease. Many, if not most patients with neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (NTOS) benefit from physical therapy, either as sole treatment or as an adjunct to surgery.